(500) Absorbent Polymer Microspheres and Microdebrider for Simulated Nasal Polypectomy: A Novel, Low-Cost Surgical Trainer

Introduction: Surgical training models provide an error-permissive environment, which is essential for residents to develop proficiency in functional endoscopic sinus surgery (FESS). Although several FESS simulators have been described, there is a lack of studies evaluating microdebrider use in simulated polypectomy. Absorbent polymer microspheres (APMs) emerge as a highly promising material for this purpose.

Methods: The morphological characteristics and costs of APMs were assessed by three independent researchers. Participants (otorhinolaryngology residents and specialists) performed APM resection using a microdebrider in an artificial anatomical model pre-prepared with basic FESS steps. Pre- and post-training performance self-perception and model fidelity were analyzed using non-parametric tests, supplemented by a qualitative analysis of participant feedback.

Results: APMs demonstrated morphological and visual similarity to in vivo polyps, combined with low cost (R$ 0.19 / $ 0.03 per session) and high accessibility. Thirty-six individuals participated in the study. Significant improvements were observed in overall post-training scores (Pre-mean = 3.79 ± 0.84; Post-mean = 4.61 ± 0.53, p < 0,0001) and across all training level subgroups, with performance leveling between residents and specialists after the training session. Technical gain was inversely proportional to prior experience, showing a more pronounced impact during the initial years of residency. The model demonstrated excellent construct validity and internal consistency (α > 0.9), as well as very large (r = 0.97) and large (η² > 0.3) effect sizes.

Conclusions: Simulation of sinonasal polyp resection with APMs for microdebrider training constitutes a valid and accessible pedagogical tool, capable of accelerating the technical learning curve and supporting initial surgical training in a safe and cost-effective manner.